The Yo-Yos

The Yo-Yos was used by adult, to relieve tension, it was not allowed to children.

People said that they used to use Yo-Yos to calme your anxiety by playing. It was a good toy and relaxing plastime.

It toy lost his tradition many years ago. But people today remember it.

I never played it toy, but i saw people playing.

Ramona.

Did chinese discover America?

There are different theories about the America´s discovery.According to the historian Galvin Menzies, the chinese were the first in exploring the world.He says in his theory, they explored Austria 350years before captain Cook, circled the world, a century before Mgellan, on America shores 71 years before Christopher Columbus. Now well, the  Menzies´s theory can be trusted, becauses i suppose that he did many investigations and colleted a lot of informations too, many people could agree with him about it, with all the details he has given. But we have learnt in the history and it is established that Christopher Columbus discovered America, it means he  and his men were the fisrt in exploring it. To change  that knowledge that people have ,it will be difficult. although i know  the title of the Reading is only a question. In my opinión ,i agee with Menzies, but the history says it was Christopher Columbus  who dicovered America ,  that it is established for centuries , it will not change, if the chinese were who discovered America, unfortunately for them, Christopher Columbus got the attribute.

yo- yos

   yo- yos were facinate toys. The yo.yos have enjoyed many many periods around the wold. it is may be one the oldest toy, because you can find old pictures about Egitian Temples, chinese people using yo-yo. Nobody knows where the yo-yos originated, each country had differents way to made or create yo-yo. For example. many yo-yos were made of gold, precious stones. etc..... however pleople used the yo-yos to alleviate tension.

   In my country (Dominican Republic) people and children see this toy like simple toy, now yo-yos are not fat toy. children like better another kind of toys, but read this reading " The Ups and Downs of Yo-Yos" was important to my, because now i know the history of the yo-yos and peolpe used yo-yos to realive tension.

            

Mastering The Law of Gravity

    Yuen Won Ping is a action choroagraphe, he is from china, Yuen helped action stars to catapult to international fame. he started working as an actor whe he was 20 years old and then he was a director.

 Yuen offerred new ideas to perform the action, flying, jumping off walls and fighting but the actors trained with yuen for 6 months. He creates the illusion that the actors can fly, using metal cables that hoists them 25 meters into the air, actors are controled by a team that prevened collisions or accidents betwen actors and caused serious injuries. Many people believe that this flying is created by the computer but the computer effect just conceal the safety wires. 

 

       Yuen won the Hong Kong film Award for action chorographer for Once Upon a Time in China II in 1992.

MOVIES THAT  DIRECTED YUEN WO PING 

1. Snake in the Eagle's Shadow.
2. The Matrix 1999.
3. The matrix revolutions 2003.
4. Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon 2000.

Some things to take into account when learning a language...(I know it has nothing to do with class but I just wanted to let my classmates know about it.)

DO NOT SKIP THIS POST WITHOUT READING IT...IT'S QUITE IMPORTANT...This is for my classmates...(Article taken from ''www.talkenglish.com'' and edited by Cesar Duval)

How to Speak English Fluently

Many have said that the English language is one of the hardest to learn. However, with the right training, learning English as a second language can be a fun and positive experience. In this article you will better understand how to tackle the English language and how to speak English fluently. 

One mistake that people often make is putting in effort to study grammar rather than conversational English. In order to become a good English speaker, remember to focus on actually conversing rather than just memorizing grammatical rules. To speak good English you need to focus on conversing!

Also remember to LISTEN! Sometimes, you can begin to understand other people before actually being able to speak fluently yourself. This is a step in the right direction. Being able to understand others will help in forming conversation yourself. Be sure to completely immerse yourself in the language. If you continue to limit yourself to social circles that do not speak English, it will make fluency that much more difficult. By submerging yourself in the language you will be forced to learn and use the English language.

Another tip is to not translate each and every word or phrase that you hear. Often you will misunderstand the topic of conversation by taking the most literal translation of each phrase. As in every language, English speakers often revert to slang and cliches. Don't be afraid to ask what these mean, by understanding these phrases you will be that much closer to fluency and on your way to being able to speak correct English.

Most importantly, remember that all the listening and reading in the world will not make you a better speaker. Many people are intimidated at first when they try to jump into conversation, but it is the only way to improve your fluency and speak fluent English. Don't be afraid! People will be more impressed at your ability to speak a second language than your accent or mispronunciation of words. 

Use any resources you can to better your English language skills. Doing research online and in your local library will help to strengthen your fluency, but nothing is better than getting out into the world and putting all you have learned to good use!

1. Don't study grammar too much

This rule might sound strange to many ESL students, but it is one of the most important rules. If you want to pass examinations, then study grammar. However, if you want to become fluent in English, then you should try to learn English without studying the grammar. 

Studying grammar will only slow you down and confuse you. You will think about the rules when creating sentences instead of naturally saying a sentence like a native. Remember that only a small fraction of English speakers know more than 20% of all the grammar rules. Many ESL students know more grammar than native speakers. I can confidently say this with experience. I am a native English speaker, majored in English Literature, and have been teaching English for more than 10 years. However, many of my students know more details about English grammar than I do. I can easily look up the definition and apply it, but I don't know it off the top of my head. 

I often ask my native English friends some grammar questions, and only a few of them know the correct answer. However, they are fluent in English and can read, speak, listen, and communicate effectively. 

Do you want to be able to recite the definition of a causative verb, or do you want to be able to speak English fluently? 

2. Learn and study phrases

Many students learn vocabulary and try to put many words together to create a proper sentence. It amazes me how many words some of my students know, but they cannot create a proper sentence. The reason is because they didn't study phrases. When children learn a language, they learn both words and phrases together. Likewise, you need to study and learn phrases. 

If you know 1000 words, you might not be able to say one correct sentence. But if you know 1 phrase, you can make hundreds of correct sentences. If you know 100 phrases, you will be surprised at how many correct sentences you will be able to say. Finally, when you know only a 1000 phrases, you will be almost a fluent English speaker. 

The English Speaking Basics section is a great example of making numerous sentences with a single phrase. So don't spend hours and hours learning many different words. Use that time to study phrases instead and you will be closer to English fluency. 

Don't translate 

When you want to create an English sentence, do not translate the words from your Mother tongue. The order of words is probably completely different and you will be both slow and incorrect by doing this. Instead, learn phrases and sentences so you don't have to think about the words you are saying. It should be automatic. 

Another problem with translating is that you will be trying to incorporate grammar rules that you have learned. Translating and thinking about the grammar to create English sentences is incorrect and should be avoided. 

3. Reading and Listening is NOT enough. Practice Speaking what you hear!

Reading, listening, and speaking are the most important aspects of any language. The same is true for English. However, speaking is the only requirement to be fluent. It is normal for babies and children to learn speaking first, become fluent, then start reading, then writing. So the natural order is listening, speaking, reading, then writing. 

First Problem
Isn't it strange that schools across the world teach reading first, then writing, then listening, and finally speaking? Although it is different, the main reason is because when you learn a second language, you need to read material to understand and learn it. So even though the natural order is listening, speaking, reading, then writing, the order for ESL students is reading, listening, speaking, then writing. 

Second Problem
The reason many people can read and listen is because that's all they practice. But in order to speak English fluently, you need to practice speaking. Don't stop at the listening portion, and when you study, don't just listen. Speak out loud the material you are listening to and practice what you hear. Practice speaking out loud until your mouth and brain can do it without any effort. By doing so, you will be able to speak English fluently. 

4. Submerge yourself

Being able to speak a language is not related to how smart you are. Anyone can learn how to speak any language. This is a proven fact by everyone in the world. Everyone can speak at least one language. Whether you are intelligent, or lacking some brain power, you are able to speak one language. 

This was achieved by being around that language at all times. In your country, you hear and speak your language constantly. You will notice that many people who are good English speakers are the ones who studied in an English speaking school. They can speak English not because they went to an English speaking school, but because they had an environment where they can be around English speaking people constantly. 

There are also some people who study abroad and learn very little. That is because they went to an English speaking school, but found friends from their own country and didn't practice English. 

You don't have to go anywhere to become a fluent English speaker. You only need to surround yourself with English. You can do this by making rules with your existing friends that you will only speak English. You can also carry around an iPod and constantly listen to English sentences. As you can see, you can achieve results by changing what your surroundings are. Submerge yourself in English and you will learn several times faster. 

TalkEnglish Offline Version is now ready for download. In this package, you can utilize over 8000 audio files to completely surround yourself in English. There are over 13.5 hours of audio files that are not available in the web form. All conversations and all sentences are included, so even if you don't have many English speaking friends, you can constantly surround yourself in English using your MP3 player. 
 

5. Study correct material

A common phrase that is incorrect is, "Practice makes perfect." This is far from the truth. Practice only makes what you are practicing permanent. If you practice the incorrect sentence, you will have perfected saying the sentence incorrectly. Therefore, it is important that you study material that is commonly used by most people. 

Another problem I see is that many students study the news. However, the language they speak is more formal and the content they use is more political and not used in regular life. It is important to understand what they are saying, but this is more of an advanced lesson that should be studied after learning the fundamental basics of English. 

Studying English with a friend who is not a native English speaker is both good and bad. You should be aware of the pros and cons of speaking with a non native speaking friend. Practicing with a non native person will give you practice. You can also motivate each other and point out basic mistakes. But you might pick up bad habits from one another if you are not sure about what are correct and incorrect sentences. So use these practice times as a time period to practice the correct material you studied. Not to learn how to say a sentence. 

In short, study English material that you can trust, that is commonly used, and that is correct. 

 

THE UPS AND DOWN OF YO-YOS

  Who'd have thought you could have so much fun with a bit of plastic on the end of a string?

  Playing with a yo-yo used to be one of my pastime when I was a child but now I'm so surprised to know that yo-yo was created so long ago. I never imagined that yo-yo had such great significance and much less I would have thought that once it was a symbol of wealth.

  Also It's amazing to think that this little clever toy was entertaining people in ancient times in exactly the same way that it puts a smile on our faces today.

the ups and downs of yo-yos

well, the yo-yos no body knows where it came from but people speculate about posible places where could have been made such as china 3000 years ago, greece around 500 BC and among maya on mexico yucatan penninsula about 700.A.D.
first appeared in india around1765. within few decades yo yos appeared in western europe only played by the high class. an example was vigge lebrun pictures the future king louis XVIII playing with yo yos. yo yos were fashionable simbols of wealth and made by precious stones. the name yo yos probably came from the toy jou jou de normandie, also it was called by british as the bangalore, the quiz and the incroyable. yo yos was used to relieve tension of nobles such as napoleon in his office on the eve of the battle waterloo in 1815.


another theory of the origin of  word yo yo is that it comes from tagalog which means comeback.in 1920a filipino named pedro flores, opened a factory that made wooden yo'yos. these yo yos were unique that  were first yo yos in which string was not tied to the axle.because the stringwas looped over the axle,the yo'yo, when thrown down, would spin, or sleep at the end of the string.

in 1929, the producction and sales of yo yos began on a grand scale. mr duncan a remarkable inventor and interpreneur  marketed the yo yos agressively. duncan ´s marketing strategies worked in his toy
(at first known as the o-boy  yo yo top boy) was a hit, later on the darkest year of great depression in usa duncan moved to winsconsin. yo yo sales reached an all time high in 1962, later duncan yo yos was sued by his competitors. they claimed yo yo was a generic name for this toy, the justice agreed and ruled competitor favor and through many television advertisingand the cost of paying worker overtime, duncan declared bankrutcy soon after, yo yo sales went down.

finally,the flambeau plastic company purchased the rights of duncan´s yo yo and douglas duncan jr son of the founder of duncan yo yo opened his own yo yo company, now know as playmax. high technology improvement allowed yo yos to sleep for long period of time.

well my point of view about yo-yo  is when i was a shy i used to play a lot with my friends and it was interesting the way they used tricks to sleep yo yos so we joined every afternoon to enjoy playing yo yo, but nowadays is mostly played by children as well they are practiced by adults in tournaments all over the world.



rigoberto alcantara100054323